বৃহস্পতিবার, ২৪ জানুয়ারি, ২০১৩

Mistle thrushes 'missing' from UK

Mistle thrushes have disappeared from UK gardens at a "staggering" rate, according to the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds.

Results from the charity's annual survey suggest the birds are seen in fewer than half the number of gardens they were 10 years ago.

Population estimates published at the end of last year confirm there are now just 170,000 breeding pairs.

The warning comes on the eve of the RSPB's annual Big Garden Birdwatch.

Experts compare the decline to that of the closely related song thrush.

Both thrush species have become rarer sights in UK gardens, with populations falling by more than half since the 1970s, according to the ongoing Breeding Bird Survey carried out by the British Trust for Ornithology (BTO) and partners.

But the continuing trend of decline among mistle thrushes is a key concern.

"If you look at the decline in the short term, from 1995 to 2010, we see that mistle thrushes have declined by 28%," said the RSPB's Graham Madge.

Over the same period, the song thrush, which has been recognised as a species of serious conservation concern, increased by 13%, according to figures from the The State of UK Birds report jointly published last November by the RSPB, BTO and Wildfowl and Wetlands Trust.

"We've still got a lot to learn about why the [mistle thrush] is declining," said Mr Madge.

"It's reaching rates where as a community we should begin to develop some concerns because its population does seem to be haemorrhaging from our gardens, woodlands and countryside."

He described reports from the annual Big Garden Birdwatch as "startling".

"Over the last six or seven years of Big Garden Birdwatch, the participants have been telling us that mistle thrushes have been declining - even over that short period."

The survey, described as the largest citizen science project in the world, sees volunteers count the bird visitors to their garden for an hour over the last weekend in January.

Mr Madge describes the "snapshot" of UK bird populations provided by the survey as an "effective early warning system" to highlight future trends.

Mistle thrushes are named for their fondness for berries, particularly those of the mistletoe plant.

Continue reading the main story

How to spot a mistle thrush

  • Listen out for their distinctive rattling call
  • They are a cold, grey brown whereas song thrushes are a warm, earthy brown
  • Spots are "scaly" and join up unlike the perfect round spots of the song thrush
  • You can see white tips to the feathers of a mistle thrush flying away from you
  • Song thrushes are blackbird sized; mistle thrushes are 10-15% bigger

The birds sing throughout the winter to defend territories that are rich in fruit, making their song the easiest way to recognise them.

"It's a species that very often people will mistake for a song thrush. They're both medium sized, brown and white birds with large spots," said Mr Madge.

"But mistle thrushes are great characters and they will very often give their presence away by their call."

The birds are early nesters and their mournful songs can be heard in February. They are also known as stormcocks due to country legends that the birds are the last to be heard before a storm.

"It's not particularly a bird that has come up on the radar of declining species. That's not out of lack of concern for the mistle thrush but it's an indication that so many other birds are also declining," said Mr Madge.

The RSPB's 2012 survey recorded the lowest number of starlings in UK gardens for 30 years. Conservationists suggested that a decline in traditional pastures and modern building design have restricted feeding and nesting areas for the birds.

The RSPB Big Garden Birdwatch survey runs from Saturday 26 to Sunday 27 January 2013. BBC Nature is streaming live webcams of UK garden bird action, helpful identification guides and expert analysis across the weekend.

Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/21143664

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Better outlook for dwindling black macaque population in Indonesia

Thursday, January 24, 2013

Since at least the 1970s, the population of critically endangered Sulawesi black macaques living in an Indonesian nature reserve has been dropping. But a new study by researchers at the University of Washington and in Indonesia shows that the population has stabilized over the past decade.

The findings, published in the January issue of the American Journal of Primatology, are from the longest ongoing survey of Macaca nigra and are among the first evidence that the monkeys may be in better shape.

"Fifteen years ago it looked like this macaque population would continue its decline and eventually disappear," said Randall Kyes, lead author and UW research professor of psychology. This study "doesn't mean that everything is fine now and that we no longer need to worry about the fate of these animals, but it is good news compared with what we've seen over the past 30-plus years in this reserve."

Since 1997, Kyes and his Indonesian colleagues have conducted conservation-related studies of the black macaques at the Tangkoko Nature Reserve in North Sulawesi, Indonesia ? an area known for its biodiversity, which attracts flocks of tourists each year. He and his team began the newly published population survey in 1999 and collected data through 2011.

Searching a specified section of the forest, the researchers took two daily counts during a two- to three-week survey period each year of the study. They only recorded numbers of black macaques they saw, though they would often hear many others.

The number of groups of macaques per square kilometer (0.40 of a square mile) increased from 3.6 in 1999 to 3.9 in 2005 and to 4.3 in 2011, the research team found. They observed a similar gradual climb in numbers of individuals per square kilometer: 32.4 in 1999, 53.8 in 2005 and 61.5 in 2011.

By these counts, the population size has returned to the level of nearly 20 years ago: a 1994 study reported 3.9 groups and 68.7 individuals per square kilometer. In contrast, a study in 1978, when scientists first began documenting the population's status, showed 10 groups and 300 individuals per square kilometer.

"We've found that the progressive decline has slowed," Kyes said. "Somewhere over the last 10 years the trend has started to turn. We're seeing the population in the balance now, but without the sustained efforts by local and international groups working in the reserve and the support and involvement of the local people, the macaques will likely face further decline."

Hunting and habitat loss are the chief culprits in the black macaque population's waning in recent decades. In North Sulawesi culture, black macaques are considered a food for special occasions, similar to a Thanksgiving turkey for people in the United States and Canada.

Though they did not examine this in their new study, the researchers' outreach education efforts for children who live near the Tangkoko Nature Reserve may be helping to decrease illegal hunting and trapping of the animals. The researchers also hold an annual field course in conservation biology and global health for local university students and the community.

"We focus on the importance of the human-environment interface and the close relationship between environmental health and human health," Kyes said. "We also emphasize how the black macaques support the local economy, by way of all the tourists who come to the nature reserve to see them."

He said that outreach to children is particularly helpful. "We don't chastise them for eating monkeys, but we do explain that there might not be many left in the future. We encourage them to ask their parents if there's something else they can eat."

###

University of Washington: http://www.uwnews.org

Thanks to University of Washington for this article.

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Source: http://www.labspaces.net/126432/Better_outlook_for_dwindling_black_macaque_population_in_Indonesia

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Google applies for license to build experimental wireless network at Mountain View

Google applies for license to build experimental wireless network at Mountain View

Google's learned quite a lot about internet provision through its wired Fiber service, and now it appears to be preparing a localized wireless network. El Goog has solicited the FCC for a license to build an "experimental radio service" at its Mountain View lair, which uses bands that current consumer devices don't. As the WSJ notes, Google's old buddy Clearwire holds the keys to the 2524-2625MHz range it'll occupy, and wireless networks using these frequencies are currently under construction in China, Brazil and Japan. The initial hub for the service is planned to be within the building that houses the Google Fiber team -- perfect fuel for speculation that big G wants to create its own network (possibly in cahoots with Dish), and one that's not confined to its HQ. Right now, it's just a document, so we'll have to wait and see how this develops. Even if it ends up going nowhere, it's not like the search behemoth doesn't have the money to flirt with whatever it wants.

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Source: FCC, Wall Street Journal

Source: http://www.engadget.com/2013/01/24/google-experimental-wireless-network/

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8x8 Brings Business-Class VoIP, Video, Contact Center and Unified ...

23rd January 2013 - 8x8, Inc launched its award-winning suite of cloud-based business communications services across Canada. The launch is the first in a series of expansions outside of the U.S. where 8x8 has been ranked as a market leader in cloud-based IP telephony and unified communications (UC) by industry research firms including Gartner, Frost & Sullivan and Infonetics.

Click here to join the UK Contact Centre Forum ? the no.1 LinkedIn group for UK customer management professionals

Available immediately in most Canadian provinces, the 8x8 Virtual Office cloud communications suite provides small and medium businesses (SMBs) with services such as hosted VoIP, contact center, UC and videoconferencing. Customers can select local phone numbers in each province as well as virtual numbers from Canada, the United States and around the world, both of which save inbound callers the expense of long-distance charges. Companies with locations in Canada and the United States can now have a single, virtual PBX enabling extension dialing with high definition audio between international locations, all with no per minute charges. 8x8's Virtual Office also gives SMBs the option, at no additional cost, of extending those services to smartphones and tablets, enabling their employees to stay productive and responsive on the road and at home.

All 8x8 services comply with applicable Canadian laws, including the ability to locate 911 callers, which many SMBs consider a key requirement before they'll consider VoIP. 8x8 also meets Canadian tax laws, giving customers the peace of mind that their mission-critical communications services won't be lost due to noncompliance. 8x8's services will be delivered from its network of data centers in the US and Saskatchewan, Canada.

"8x8's cloud communications services are designed to provide the reliability, flexibility and scalability that Canadian companies need," said 8x8 Chairman and CEO Bryan Martin. "More than 30,000 U.S. businesses use 8x8, and this expansion is a major first step toward providing SMBs worldwide with a cost-effective, enterprise-grade way to empower their communications."

About 8x8, Inc.

8x8, Inc. (NASDAQ: EGHT) empowers business conversations for more than 30,000 small and medium-sized businesses with cloud communications services that include hosted PBX telephony, unified communications, contact center and video conferencing solutions. The company has been delivering business communications services since 2004 and has garnered a reputation for technical excellence and outstanding reliability. In 2012, 8x8 was named a market "Leader" in Gartner's Magic Quadrant for Unified Communications as a Service (UCaaS) in North America and recognized as the No. 1 Provider of Hosted IP Telephony by Frost & Sullivan. For additional information, visit www.8x8.com,

Category:?Call Centre Solutions

Added By: Sam Collins on 23rd Jan 2013 - 12:27
Number of Views: 132

Source: http://www.callcentreclinic.com/news/call-centre-solutions/8x8-brings-business-class-voip-video-contact-center-and-unified-communications-services-to-canada-47624.htm

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বুধবার, ২৩ জানুয়ারি, ২০১৩

Parents numb to misuse of narcotic pain meds by youth, new poll shows

Jan. 23, 2013 ? Despite data on rising rates of abuse and overdoses of narcotic pain medicines across all age groups, in a new poll from the University of Michigan, most parents said they are not very concerned about misuse of these medicines by children and teens.

In addition, parent support was lukewarm for policies that would discourage abuse of drugs like Vicodin or Oxycontin, according to the most recent University of Michigan Mott Children's Hospital National Poll on Children's Health.

Overall, 35% of parents said they are very concerned about misuse of narcotic pain medicines by children and teens in their communities; only 1 in 5 parents (19%) are very concerned about misuse of pain medicines in their own families. Black parents (38%) and Hispanic parents (26%) are more likely than white parents (13%) to be very concerned about misuse of narcotic pain medicines in their own families.

The poll also confirmed that prescription pain medicine is common in US households with children. Thirty-five percent of parents report that, in the last five years, they had received at least one pain medicine prescription for their children; over half of these prescriptions were for a narcotic pain medicine. Two-thirds (66%) had received at least one pain medicine prescription for themselves or another adult in the household.

National data indicate that the number of drug overdose deaths attributed to narcotic pain medicines is more than overdose deaths from heroin and cocaine combined. However, almost half of the parents in this poll do not favor a requirement that they return unused pain medicine to the doctor or pharmacy. Only 41 percent favor a policy that would require a doctor's visit to obtain a refill on narcotic pain medicines.

"Recent estimates are that 1 in 4 high school seniors have ever used a narcotic pain medicine. However, parents may downplay the risks of narcotic pain medicine because they are prescribed by a doctor," says Sarah J. Clark, M.P.H., Associate Director of the Child Health Evaluation and Research (CHEAR) Unit at the University of Michigan and Associate Director of the National Poll on Children's Health.

"However, people who misuse narcotic pain medicine are often using drugs prescribed to themselves, a friend or a relative. That 'safe' prescription may serve as a readily accessible supply of potentially lethal drugs for children or teens," Clark says.

Although rates of narcotic pain medicine use have been shown to be three times higher among white teens than their black or Hispanic peers, white parents in this poll are less likely than black or Hispanic parents to be very concerned about narcotic pain medicine use, and are less likely to support policies to limit children's access to them.

There was support for some policies to discourage misuse: 66 percent strongly supported requiring parents to show identification when picking narcotic pain medicine for their children. Fifty-seven percent strongly supported policies blocking narcotic pain medicine scripts from more than one doctor.

But overall, the limited level of concern and the lack of strong support for policy changes show the public may not recognize the seriousness of the problem.

"This is a national problem and a growing problem. The results of this poll are a signal that parents may not be aware of the significant rates of misuse of narcotic pain medicine, which highlights the tremendous challenge of addressing this national problem," Clark says.

Report: http://mottnpch.org/reports-surveys/parents-numb-misuse-narcotic-pain-medicines-youth

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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by University of Michigan Health System.

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Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/most_popular/~3/KqdBpWAj8dQ/130123101609.htm

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Trade Rep Ron Kirk to leave post next month (Washington Bureau)

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মঙ্গলবার, ২২ জানুয়ারি, ২০১৩

Did an 8th century gamma ray burst irradiate Earth?

Jan. 21, 2013 ? A nearby short duration gamma-ray burst may be the cause of an intense blast of high-energy radiation that hit the Earth in the 8th century, according to new research led by astronomers Valeri Hambaryan and Ralph Neuh?user.

The two scientists, based at the Astrophysics Institute of the University of Jena in Germany, publish their results in the journal Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.

In 2012 scientist Fusa Miyake announced the detection of high levels of the isotope Carbon-14 and Beryllium-10 in tree rings formed in 775 CE, suggesting that a burst of radiation struck the Earth in the year 774 or 775. Carbon-14 and Beryllium-10 form when radiation from space collides with nitrogen atoms, which then decay to these heavier forms of carbon and beryllium. The earlier research ruled out the nearby explosion of a massive star (a supernova) as nothing was recorded in observations at the time and no remnant has been found.

Prof. Miyake also considered whether a solar flare could have been responsible, but these are not powerful enough to cause the observed excess of carbon-14. Large flares are likely to be accompanied by ejections of material from the Sun?s corona, leading to vivid displays of the northern and southern lights (aurorae), but again no historical records suggest these took place.

Following this announcement, researchers pointed to an entry in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle that describes a ?red crucifix? seen after sunset and suggested this might be a supernova. But this dates from 776, too late to account for the carbon-14 data and still does not explain why no remnant has been detected.

Drs. Hambaryan and Neuh?user have another explanation, consistent with both the carbon-14 measurements and the absence of any recorded events in the sky. They suggest that two compact stellar remnants, i.e. black holes, neutron stars or white dwarfs, collided and merged together. When this happens, some energy is released in the form of gamma rays, the most energetic part of the electromagnetic spectrum that includes visible light.

In these mergers, the burst of gamma rays is intense but short, typically lasting less than two seconds. These events are seen in other galaxies many times each year but, in contrast to long duration bursts, without any corresponding visible light. If this is the explanation for the 774 / 775 radiation burst, then the merging stars could not be closer than about 3000 light years, or it would have led to the extinction of some terrestrial life. Based on the carbon-14 measurements, Hambaryan and Neuh?user believe the gamma ray burst originated in a system between 3000 and 12000 light years from the Sun.

If they are right, then this would explain why no records exist of a supernova or auroral display. Other work suggests that some visible light is emitted during short gamma-ray bursts that could be seen in a relatively nearby event. This might only be seen for a few days and be easily missed, but nonetheless it may be worthwhile for historians to look again through contemporary texts.

Astronomers could also look for the merged object, a 1200 year old black hole or neutron star 3000-12000 light years from the Sun but without the characteristic gas and dust of a supernova remnant.

Dr Neuh?user comments: ?If the gamma ray burst had been much closer to the Earth it would have caused significant harm to the biosphere. But even thousands of light years away, a similar event today could cause havoc with the sensitive electronic systems that advanced societies have come to depend on. The challenge now is to establish how rare such Carbon-14 spikes are i.e. how often such radiation bursts hit the Earth. In the last 3000 years, the maximum age of trees alive today, only one such event appears to have taken place."

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Journal Reference:

  1. V. V. Hambaryan, R. Neuhaeuser. A Galactic short gamma-ray burst as cause for the 14C peak in AD 774/5. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2013 [link]

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Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_science/~3/lC_HgjtuG2Q/130121083255.htm

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